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瓦里亚Lemuy:防火摩天大楼

Third Place
2018 Skyscraper Competition

Claudio C. Araya Arias
Chile

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Forest fires are one of the greatest agents of degradation of ecosystems in the world. Although fire is part of the natural dynamics of some habitats, large disturbances cause a deterioration of their functionalities. Fire modifies biogeochemical cycles, produces changes in vegetation, soil, fauna, hydrological and geomorphological processes, water quality and even changes in the composition of the atmosphere. Each of these elements puts at risk not only the existing geography, but also directly threatens population centers, putting at risk the lives of people, their goods, infrastructure, among other things.

森林火灾是世界上生态系统退化的最大因素之一。尽管火是某些栖息地的自然动态的一部分,但大的干扰会导致其功能恶化。火改变了生物地球化学循环,导致植被,土壤,动物群,水文和地貌过程,水质以及大气成分的变化。这些要素中的每一个都不仅会危及现有的地理环境,还会直接威胁人口中心,危及人民的生命,财产,基础设施等。

 

The 2016-2017 season of forest fires left a record of destruction never before recorded in the south-central zone of Chile. The consequences of the above were 5,244 fires with an impact of 569,989 hectares, 2,500 homes. The most serious case was the one in the town of Santa Olga, where the destruction exceeds 1,000 homes, destroying the entire city. Reconstruction is an indisputable subject, but the existing model of growth by expansion left a clear vulnerability within the territory.

2016-2017季森林大火留下了智利中南部地区之前从未有过的破坏记录。上述后果是5,244起火灾,影响569,989公顷,2,500户家庭。最严重的案例是圣奥尔加镇,那里的破坏超过1000户,摧毁了整个城市。重建是一个不争的主题,但现有扩张型增长模式在该领土内存在明显的脆弱性。


The degraded soils, and the decrease of the vegetation among other variables produced by this settlement model, were part of the factors that modified the natural conditions, leaving the sector vulnerable.

退化的土壤以及由这个沉降模型产生的其他变量中的植被减少是改变自然条件的因素的一部分,使该部门容易受到影响。


WARIA LEMUY, forest city in Mapudungun (the native language of the sector).

马普多贡市的森林城市WARIA LEMUY(该部门的母语)


The proposal looks for a new way of inhabiting the territory, through a system of buildings at height, avoiding the effects of the old settlement model.

该提案寻找一种通过高层建筑系统居住该领土的新方式,避免了旧定居点模式的影响。

 

The objective is to face the reconstruction from a new perspective, recover the lost housing and infrastructure, added to a restoration of the flora and biodiversity, through a system that prevents and mitigates future catastrophes., Through a renovating process that allows to coexist with the geography and the territory.

其目标是通过一个能够防止和减轻未来灾难的系统,从新的角度面对重建,恢复失去的住房和基础设施,增加植物群和生物多样性的恢复。通过一个可以与之共存的翻新过程地理和领土。


 

SETTLEMENT 解决方案
The system is positioned on the perimeter of the affected area, allowing to establish a network of routes, public spaces and wetlands rehabilitating the central area.

该系统位于受影响区域的周围,允许建立路线网络,公共空间和湿地恢复中心区域。

 


STRUCTURE 结构
A modular system is proposed, with embedded base on the ground, enabling an incremental methodology. The structure of the modules that consists of wooden elements, with a metallic supporting exterior structure, allowing panoramic terraces to be added, and including enclosures that act as water collectors, as fog or as rain. The interior facade allows the transfer of controlled light through alveolar polycarbonate panels, which allow ventilation modes on the interior. The main vertical route system consists of a staircase composed of tubular and straight sections, with the possibility of attaching a vertical profile that would allow the inclusion of automated systems.

提出了模块化系统,在地面上嵌入了基础,从而实现了增量方法。由木质构件组成的模块结构,具有金属支撑的外部结构,可以添加全景式梯田,并且包括充当集水器的围墙,如雾或雨。内部门面允许控制光通过肺泡聚碳酸酯板传递,这允许内部通风模式。主要的垂直路线系统由一个由管状和直线部分组成的楼梯组成,并且可以连接一个垂直外形,以便包含自动化系统。


Program 方案
It consists mostly of housing, followed by common double-height intermediate spaces, such as interior courtyards within a system that encourages coexistence. The modularity of the type of housing allows different ways, allowing the inclusion of apartments of different stocks.

它主要由住房组成,其次是普通的双高度中间空间,例如鼓励共存的系统内的内部庭院。住房类型的模块化允许不同的方式,允许包含不同股票的公寓。


FUNCTIONING 功能
A building with the capacity to interact with the environment is proposed, through a water catchment system, which is redirected and stored in pockets on the access perimeters. With the purpose of heating the building, increase the humidity of the sector and as a network irrigation system, which would accelerate the recovery of the affected flora.

通过一个集水系统提出了一个能够与环境相互作用的建筑,该系统被重新定向并存放在通道周围的口袋中。以加热建筑物为目的,增加该部门的湿度,并作为一个网络灌溉系统,这将加速受影响的植物群的恢复。


Prevention and mitigation 预防和缓解
Formally the building is considered an element of prevention, acting as a beacon in the prevention of future catastrophic events. Its façade system allows cross ventilation of the building which slows down the major winds, its water storage system, and irrigation on the environment would allow the increase of the existing humidity, allowing both to control part of the most influential variables in the propagation of the forest fires.

正式建筑被认为是预防的一个组成部分,作为预防未来灾难性事件的灯塔。它的立面系统允许建筑物的交叉通风,减缓主要风,其蓄水系统和对环境的灌溉,可以增加现有湿度,从而可以控制部分最有影响力的变量森林大火。


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瓦里亚Lemuy:防火摩天大楼