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城市帐篷:摩天大楼的透气皮肤

Editor’s Choice 
2016 Skyscraper Competition

Woo Min Lee, Kang Min Yoo, Justin Baek, Tamin Song
New Zealand

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While the use of glass in skyscrapers has proliferated, contemporary skyscrapers are effectively closed off from the environment. Since its inception, the use of closed and artificially controlled interior environments have caused large strains on the planet’s resources; have made these buildings homogenous experientially; and have also caused sicknesses related to this over-reliance on air-conditioning. Modern humans now live, work, play and learn in towers with the outside as if it were wallpaper: despite it snowing outside, the occupants feel no cold; nor feel any heat during a hot summer’s day. While comfort is of importance, this comfort-craziness has driven more and more advanced air-conditioning technology creating buildings that no longer open up to the nature’s seasonal changes and are the same all year round.

虽然摩天大楼玻璃的使用激增,但当代摩天大楼实际上已被封闭在环境之外。自成立以来,封闭和人为控制的内部环境的使用给地球的资源造成了巨大的压力; 使这些建筑物在经验上是同质的; 也导致了与过度依赖空调相关的疾病。现代人类现在与外界一起生活,工作,玩耍和学习塔楼,就好像它是壁纸一样:尽管外面下雪,但居住者感觉不到寒冷; 在炎热的夏季也不会感受到任何热量。尽管舒适度非常重要,但这种舒适的疯狂已经促使越来越多先进的空调技术创造出不再适应自然季节变化的建筑,并且全年都是如此。


The Urban Tent seeks to change this static typology by reutilising the traditional tent concept: a breathable skin that adapts for multiple environmental settings without resorting to air-conditioning. Using innovations in smart fabric technology, such as the UHMWP fabric (ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene), the Urban Tent Skyscraper can do more than traditional tent fabrics with its dynamic properties of transparencies, porosities, insulations, tensions, strengths and plasticity. The design for the Urban Tent Skyscraper is conceived as being more like the human skin with an outer porous fabric membrane around the outside of the building, like the epidermis, and different additional inner layers of fabric-walls around all the interior rooms and in particular spaces creating multiple temperatures and different layers of interior conditions within the whole building. Consequently, occupants can then choose to be in zones of different comfort and temperatures which also creates an opportunity for co-existence of different trees and plants. People can be enjoying the winter without feeling too cold in the outer zones, or feeling warm by being inside one of the warmer inner layer fabric rooms. The outside and inside fabric work together in a way that it creates different environmental conditions and different micro-climates on the inside of the building so that the harsh outside natural environment is filtered into the building in different amounts in different zones of the interior.

城市帐篷试图通过重新使用传统的帐篷理念来改变这种静态类型:透气的皮肤适应多种环境设置,而不诉诸于空调。通过采用智能织物技术(如超高分子量聚乙烯)等创新技术,城市帐篷摩天大楼的透明度,孔隙率,绝缘性,张力,强度和强度等动态性能可以超越传统的帐篷织物。可塑性。城市帐篷摩天大楼的设计被认为更像人体皮肤,在建筑物外围有一层外部多孔织物膜,如表皮,以及围绕所有内部空间并且特别是在整个建筑物内创建多个温度和不同层内部条件的特定空间的不同附加内部织物壁。因此,居住者可以选择在不同的舒适度和温度区域,这也为不同的树木和植物共存创造了机会。人们可以享受冬季,而不会在外部区域感到太冷,或者在内部温暖的内层织物房间内感受到温暖。外部和内部织物以一种方式协同工作,在建筑物内部产生不同的环境条件和不同的微气候,从而恶劣的外部自然环境在内部的不同区域以不同的量过滤进入建筑物。


The Urban Tent is envisioned to work well in a site like in Seoul where there are four extreme seasons: hot summers, freezing-cold winters, chilly autumns and warm springs. In order to adapt to these radical changes, the tower is capable of opening and closing, like traditional tent mechanisms, to change not only the macro-climate of the tower but also the micro-climates inside. In summer, the tower’s outer and inner fabric walls can open up so that natural ventilation can occur throughout; spring and autumn can have varying levels and interior rooms opened and closed depending on each floor levels’ requirements; and in winter the tower’s fabric is fully closed with additional ice-capturing to increase insulation capacity.

城市帐篷设想在像汉城这样的四个极端季节:炎热的夏季,寒冷的冬季,寒冷的秋季和温暖的温泉。为了适应这些激进的变化,塔像传统的帐篷机制一样能够打开和关闭,不仅能改变塔的宏观气候,还能改变塔内的微气候。在夏季,塔楼的外墙和内墙布料可以打开,以便自然通风。春季和秋季可以有不同的水平,并根据每个楼层的要求打开和关闭室内空间; 在冬天,塔的织物完全关闭,并增加冰块捕捉以增加保温能力。

Because of these varying micro-climates inside the tower, rather than completely cutting people off from nature, the tower begins to bridge people closer to nature. As technology advances, architecture should follow suit to enhance the sense of experience and integration to nature so that the daily-lives can also be equally enriched; redefining the fundamental concept of shelter in architecture to that of not only protection from but integration to nature. The architecture is a new spatial experience of ephemeral beauty like that of nature: it changes with sunlight, captures shadows and warps with the wind. We imagine that this kind of design will allow for many more different kinds of activity and experiences to occur in daily life of the building as people are moved closer to nature, even in an urban environment.

由于塔内这些不同的微气候,而不是完全切断大自然的人,塔开始桥接人们更接近自然。随着技术的进步,建筑应该效仿,增强对大自然的感受和融合,使日常生活也同样丰富; 将建筑庇护的基本概念重新定义为不仅保护而且融入自然。这座建筑是一种像自然界那样的短暂美丽的全新空间体验:它随着阳光的变化而变化,捕捉阴影和风中的翘曲。我们设想,这种设计将允许在建筑物的日常生活中发生更多不同类型的活动和体验,因为人们即使在城市环境中也会接近大自然。


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